伪随机数生成算法:线性同余生成器 LCG(linear congruential generator) The generator is defined by the recurrence relation: $$ X_{n+1} = \left( a X_n + c \right)~~\bmod~~m $$ where $ X $ is the sequence of pseudorandom values, and
$ m,\, 0<m $ – the “modulus”
$ a,\,0 < a < m $ – the “multiplier”
$ c,\,0 \le c < m $ – the “increment”
$ X_0,\,0 \le X_0 < m $ – the “seed” or “start value”